1. granular filter media: isi ike nke ọnụ ahịa{1}} nzacha dị mma
Mgbasa ozi nzacha granular bụ ụdị mgbasa ozi nzacha a na-ejikarị eme ihe, nke na-asachapụ mmiri mmiri site na mgbasa ozi anụ ahụ na ntinye. Ụdị nkịtị gụnyere:
1). Uzuzu quartz: nha nha 0.5-1.2mm, acid siri ike na nguzogide alkali, ọnụ ala dị ala, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ na ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri (na-ezo aka na "Akwụkwọ ntuziaka Ngwọta Ngwá Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Mmiri").
2). Carbon arụ ọrụ: kewara n'ime coal na shei aki oyibo, nke nwere porosity ruru 500-1500m²/g (isi iyi data: US Environmental Protection Agency EPA), nwere ike gbasaa okwu organic na ọla dị arọ, dabara maka ndị na-asachapụ mmiri na ịdị ọcha ikuku.
3). Anthracite: obere njupụta (1.4-1.6g/cm³), jikọtara ya na quartz ájá iji kwalite arụmọrụ filtration, nke a na-ejikarị na tankị nzacha okpukpu abụọ.
Ọdịmma nke mgbasa ozi nzacha granular bụ na ọ dị mfe ịgbakọ ma chọọ ịsa azụ mgbe niile, yana ndụ ihe dị ka afọ 3-5.
2. Ihe nzacha fiber: nhọrọ nke nzacha nke ọma na nke ọma
A na-eji ihe nzacha fiber mee ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe nwere ezigbo nzacha dị elu. Ụdị ndị nnọchi anya bụ:
1). Polypropylene fiber: corrosion{2} na-eguzogide ọgwụ, enwere ike ịme ka ọ bụrụ ihe nzacha owu PP, nha pore 1-10μm, nke a na-eji maka nzacha ihe na-asachapụ mmiri ụlọ.
2). Glass fiber: elu okpomọkụ eguzogide (Ihe na-erughị ma ọ bụ hà 280 degrees), na-ejikarị na ulo oru mkpofu gas ọgwụgwọ, dị ka ike osisi desulfurization usoro.
3). Seramiiki eriri: jikọtara ya na urughuru na eriri e ji mara, ike mmetụta na-eguzogide, adabara elu viscosity mmiri filtration na chemical ụlọ ọrụ.
Ọdịmma nke ihe nzacha fiber bụ ike dị ala, ọ dị mfe imebi mgbe ejiri ogologo oge-, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka edochie ya mgbe niile.
3. Ihe nzacha membrane na ihe na-apụta: ngwa teknụzụ dị elu
1). Ihe nzacha mkpụrụ ndụ:
- Microfiltration akpụkpọ anụ (0.1-10μm): wepụ nje bacteria na ihe kwụsịtụrụ, dị ka njedebe njedebe nke nchacha mmiri ụlọ.
- Ultrafiltration akpụkpọ ahụ (0.01-0.1μm): nwere ike igbochi nje ma na-eji ya eme ihe na dialysis ahụike (tụ aka na "Ntuziaka Ngwa Nkà na ụzụ nke Membrane").
2). Porous ceramic filter media: High temperature resistant (>1000 degrees), corrosion na-eguzogide ọgwụ, mana ọnụ ahịa dị elu, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ịdị ọcha gas dị elu na ụlọ ọrụ metallurgical.
3). Mgbasa mgbasa ozi nzacha ọhụrụ mejupụtara: dị ka graphene modified filter media, ikike mgbasa ozi na-abawanye karịa ugboro atọ (nyocha "Nature Materials" 2022), mana emebebeghị ya n'ọtụtụ buru ibu.
4. Kedu ka esi ahọrọ mgbasa ozi nzacha ziri ezi?
Ntụle zuru oke dabere na ebumnobi nzacha (dị ka mkpochapụ turbidity, sterilization, decolorization), Njirimara mmiri (uru pH, okpomọkụ) na mmefu ego efu. Ọmụmaatụ:
- Nchikota nke "quartz sand + carbon activated" ka a na-ejikarị na osisi mmiri;
- Mmiri ultrapure dị na ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị kwesịrị ka ejikọta ya na mgbasa ozi nzacha akpụkpọ anụ;
- A na-ahọrọ usoro mgbasa ozi seramiiki maka ọgwụgwọ flue gas dị elu.
N'ọdịnihu, ka a na-emeziwanye ụkpụrụ nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi, nnukwu{0}ọrụ arụmọrụ yana ogologo mgbasa ozi nzacha ndụ ga-abụ ihe a na-elekwasị anya na nyocha na mmepe.